Calgary vs Jacksonville: which should you move to?
Calgary or Jacksonville? Housing, rent, crime, climate, income, taxes and transit, side by side, from each city's own published figures. Written for someone deciding where to live, not for a ranking.
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Jacksonville
The two housing bills are in different currencies, and held against local pay Calgary's is slightly the lighter. Mortgage, property tax and insurance come to about $3,005 CAD a month on Calgary's benchmark, roughly 37% of the city's 2020 median household income, and about $2,498 USD on the Duval County single-family median, roughly 41% of the City of Jacksonville's 2024 median. The Jacksonville house is the smaller multiple of income, about 4.6 times against 5.8, but it is carried at 7.03% against 4.34%, taxed at an effective 1.56% of value against 0.665% and insured against hurricanes at $275 a month. Jacksonville has the steadier labor market, 4.9% unemployment in July 2026 on an unadjusted count against 6.8%, no state income tax and a 12.3 C January. Calgary has the far lower homicide rate, 15 in 2025 at about 1.0 per 100,000 against 80 at about 7.9, a working train, and coverage that comes with residency. Choose Jacksonville for a mild winter, a port and Navy economy and a salary taxed only by Washington, if you can budget for hurricane season and drive everywhere. Choose Calgary for a CTrain to work, public health care and a dry 16.9 C July.
Calgary prices are in CAD and Jacksonville prices are in USD. The tables leave them in their own currency and compare ratios and rates instead; a conversion would be stale by the time you read it.
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| City population | 1,306,784 (2021) | 1,017,689 (2025) | Not directly comparable |
| Metro population | 1,836,012 (2025) | 1,785,500 (2025) | Not directly comparable |
| Five-year growth Growth is pressure on rents and roads as much as it is opportunity, so it is reported without a winner. | 5.5% (2016-2021) | 7.2% (2020-2025) | Not directly comparable |
What a home costs in each
The figures the two cities' rent-versus-buy and mortgage calculators run on, read from the same tables.
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benchmark home price MLS® HPI or equivalent benchmark. Lower is treated as the advantage, which is the buyer's view rather than the owner's. | $569,200 (July 2026) | $335,000 (August 2026) | Not directly comparable |
| Detached house benchmark Jacksonville publishes a single house index rather than a composite, so the two rows repeat. | $743,900 | $335,000 | Not directly comparable |
| Apartment or condominium benchmark | $297,600 | $173,549 | Not directly comparable |
| Two-bedroom rent | $1,908/mo (average, October 2025) | $1,306/mo (median, September 2026) | Not directly comparable |
| One-bedroom rent | $1,581/mo | $1,110/mo | Not directly comparable |
| Two-bedroom rent against median income A year of two-bedroom rent as a share of the median household income below. A household paying the median rent out of the median income is a fiction, but it is the same fiction in both columns and it crosses currencies. | 23.4% of a year's income | 21.6% of a year's income | Jacksonville |
| Mortgage payment on the benchmark, 20% down 25 years in Calgary against 30 in Jacksonville, each compounding the way its own country's lenders do. The rates are not a spread you can shop: they are what each market charges. | $2,480/mo at 4.34% | $1,788/mo at 7.03% | Not directly comparable |
| Price to household income Benchmark price divided by the median household income below. A ratio is comparable across currencies; the dollars are not. | 5.8× | 4.6× | Jacksonville |
| Property tax on the benchmark home The effective rate on market value, which is what the two rates have in common and what the Advantage column is decided on; the bills are in each city's own dollars. | $3,785/yr (0.665%, 2026) | $5,216/yr (1.557%, 2025) | Calgary |
| Transfer tax on the benchmark home Compared as a share of the price. Where the seller pays it, it is a cost of leaving rather than arriving. | None | $2,345 (seller pays) | Calgary |
| Rent control A cap protects a sitting tenant and does nothing for the next lease, so neither column is simply better. | No cap on the amount | Forbidden by state law | Not directly comparable |
Calgary: The 2026 municipal rate of 0.38906% plus the provincial education rate of 0.27593%, applied to the assessed value. Jacksonville: About 1.56% of the price for a homesteaded owner, worked out on the $335,000 Duval County single-family median, which is lower than the 17.7412 mills a house in the City of Jacksonville is charged because of Florida's homestead exemption rather than any assessment lag. Consolidation makes the stack short: the City of Jacksonville levies 11.1919 for county and city government together, Duval County Public Schools 6.3430 (3.0950 set by state law, 2.2480 by the school board and 1.0000 approved by voters in 2022), the St. Johns River Water Management District 0.1793 and the Florida Inland Navigation District 0.0270, which is every levy the property appraiser lists for the general services district for 2025. The school lines are charged on the price less $25,000, $310,000, and the rest on the price less a second slice as well, $285,000 on the base amounts, so a homesteaded buyer's first bill is about $5,215. Without a homestead, as a landlord or a buyer who never files, the same house owes $5,943. That second slice is indexed to inflation: the Department of Revenue published $25,722 for 2025 and the Duval property appraiser's estimator uses $26,411 for 2026, which brings the same bill to $5,199; this page uses the $25,000 base, like every Florida page on this site, and overstates the bill by $16 for it. The total was 17.8650 for 2024 and fell because the City cut its own rate from 11.3169. The school board's voted mill runs to 30 June 2027 and its renewal is on the 3 November 2026 ballot. The exemption is not automatic: you file with the property appraiser by 1 March of the year after you buy. The City's solid waste and stormwater fees come on the same bill, about $414 a year for a house in 2026, and no exemption reduces them. The seller's tax bill is not a guide to yours. Save Our Homes caps a homesteaded property's assessed value at 3% growth a year, and that cap resets to full market value the January after the sale, so a long-tenured owner can be taxed on a fraction of what you will be taxed on for the same house. Ask the property appraiser what the assessment would be at your purchase price, not what the current bill is.
How safe each city is, by the numbers it publishes
Police-reported figures for the most recent year each force or statistics agency has released. Rates describe a whole city or metro area, and the spread between neighbourhoods inside one city is usually wider than the gap between the two cities.
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crime Severity Index Statistics Canada's weighted index for the metropolitan area, where 100 is Canada in 2006. American cities have no equivalent series. | 61.7 (2025) | Not published | Not directly comparable |
| Violent crime per 100,000 Canada counts every violent Criminal Code incident; the FBI counts four offences. The Canadian figure is always the larger one for that reason alone. | 1,086 (2025) | 514 (2025) | Not directly comparable |
| Property crime per 100,000 | 3,328 (2025) | 2,154 (2025) | Not directly comparable |
| Homicides Counts, not rates, and a single year in a small city moves a long way on chance alone. What each figure covers is under the table. | 15 (2025) | 80 (2025) | Not directly comparable |
The CMA Crime Severity Index fell again in 2025 (61.7, down 3%) and sits well below the national 75.0, and homicides hit a ten-year low of 15. Police-counted violent crime still rose 4% over 2024 and 16% over the five-year average, driven by assaults, and property crime rose in 2025 on theft and fraud while staying below 2019 levels.
What the rates cover: Calgary Police Service 2025 crime report, city of Calgary, violent crime victims per 100,000 (16,973 victims; 1,082 in 2024). CPS counts violence by victims, not incidents.
Homicides: Calgary Police Service, city of Calgary, 2025; rate 1.0 per 100,000. Prior years: 21 (2024), 24 (2023), 27 (2022), 21 (2021), 34 (2020). Lowest count in ten years; fatal shootings fell to 2 from 7.
On the FBI's definitions, violent offenses in Jacksonville went from 6,496 in 2021 to 6,141 in 2022 and 6,513 in 2023, then fell to 5,680 in 2024 and 5,231 in 2025, 8% lower than in 2024 and 19% lower than in 2021. Property offenses rose from 23,968 in 2021 to a peak of 26,443 in 2024 and fell 17% in 2025 to 21,920. Motor vehicle theft drove the swing: 2,035 in 2021, 3,461 in 2024 and 2,036 in 2025, down 41% in the last year. In 2025 the CDE shows aggravated assaults down 7% (4,533 to 4,236), robberies down 16% (639 to 539), rapes down 16% (445 to 376), burglaries down 22% and larcenies down 12%, while murders rose from 63 to 80, the one violent measure that went up. The sheriff's office cleared 55% of 2025's murders against 73% of 2024's, as Action News Jax reported from JSO records. The 2025 CDE counts were read on 1 October 2026 from a feed last refreshed on 15 September and can still be revised.
What the rates cover: Computed: 5,231 violent offenses (murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault) in the FBI Crime Data Explorer's summarized data for the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office (ORI FL0160000) in calendar 2025, divided by the 1,017,689 Vintage 2025 city population. On the CDE's own agency population of 1,008,920 the rate is 518. The sheriff's office, formed when the city and county police merged in 1968, is responsible for law enforcement in the county; Jacksonville Beach has its own department. That is higher than Miami (359), Tampa (375.5) and Fort Worth (375), close to Boston (507) and below San Antonio (532), Dallas (577) and Houston (890).
Homicides: 80 murders and nonnegligent manslaughters in 2025 in the FBI CDE, against 63 in 2024, about 7.9 per 100,000 on the city population. The sheriff's office's own counts differ slightly by date and definition: Action News Jax, reading JSO records, reported 76 murders in 2025 against 63 in 2024, and News4JAX reported 79 murder cases in 2025 within more than 100 homicides of all kinds, including 11 fatal police shootings. The 2024 figure was the low point: News4JAX's count of 82 homicides of all kinds that year was the lowest in the 19 years it has kept one. The CDE series is 107 in 2021, 132 in 2022, 128 in 2023, 63 in 2024 and 80 in 2025.
Winters, summers and what the weather can do to a house
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| January mean | -7.6 °C | 12.3 °C | Not directly comparable |
| July mean | 16.9 °C | 28.1 °C | Not directly comparable |
| Precipitation a year | 445 mm | 1,356 mm | Not directly comparable |
| Snowfall a year | 139 cm | 0 cm | Not directly comparable |
| Sunshine a year | 2,396 hours | 2,880 hours | Jacksonville |
Environment and Climate Change Canada 1991-2020 normals, Calgary Int'l A (climate ID 3031093): January daily mean -7.6 C, July 16.9 C, 445.4 mm precipitation, 138.7 cm snowfall. Sunshine is not published in the 1991-2020 set; 2,396.3 hours is from the 1981-2010 normals for the same station. Chinook winds bring abrupt winter thaws.
Hazards: Summer hail is the costliest recurring hazard (major storms in 2020 and 2024), the Bow and Elbow rivers flooded the core in June 2013, wildfire smoke now degrades air quality most summers, and hard cold snaps reach below -30 C.
NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 normals for Jacksonville International Airport (station USW00013889), inside the city about 12 miles north of downtown beside the National Weather Service's Jacksonville office: January mean 54.2F, July mean 82.5F, annual mean 69.3F, 53.40 in of precipitation, 0.0 in of snow. July is the warmest month by less than half a degree over August (82.1F), with a mean high of 91.9F; January's mean low is 42.9F. June (7.60 in) and September (7.56 in) are the wettest months, and June through September bring 28.81 in, 54% of the year; November (2.00 in) is the driest. The normals count 80.1 days a year at 90F or above, 0.7 at 100F or above and 14.3 nights at or below freezing. Converted here to 12.3 C, 28.1 C, 1,356 mm and 0 cm. That makes Jacksonville the coolest in winter of the four Florida cities this site compares, 6.4 F below Orlando's January and 14.4 F below Miami's, and the second-wettest city here after Miami. Sunshine is the 1961-1990 NCDC figure Current Results lists for Jacksonville, 2,880 hours a year, 63% of possible, with 94 clear days, the same source and basis as the other US profiles; the 1991-2020 normals do not include sunshine.
Hazards: Hurricanes are the defining hazard, though direct hits are rare. Wikipedia counts one direct hurricane strike on Jacksonville since 1871: Dora, whose eye crossed St. Augustine on 10 September 1964 as a strong Category 2. Matthew passed about 37 miles offshore in October 2016, bringing storm surge, flooding along the ocean and the St. Johns River and outages for 250,000 people; the airport recorded 6.28 in (160 mm) of rain on 7 October. Irma, which passed about 75 miles to the west in September 2017, did the most damage of the recent storms, and it did it with water rather than wind. A local nor'easter had already raised water levels in the St. Johns basin before the storm arrived; storm surge, high astronomical tides and Irma's rain then pushed the river at the Main Street Bridge downtown to an all-time record crest of 5.57 ft (NAVD88) on 11 September, against Dora's 4.12 ft, and set records or major flood stage along the river and its creeks from Mayport to the Buckman Bridge (National Weather Service). Crews made about 350 water rescues, mostly in Downtown, Riverside and San Marco, where one evacuee reported water to his neck inside his home. The airport recorded 9.72 in (247 mm) of rain on 10 and 11 September and a gust of 86 mph (138 km/h); Wikipedia puts damage in Jacksonville at $85 million and counts five deaths in Duval County. Nor'easters are the routine coastal hazard: persistent northeast winds pile water into the river and the Intracoastal Waterway and bring tidal flooding and beach erosion without a tropical storm in sight, as in September and October 2025, when long-running local nor'easters brought coastal flood advisories and tidal flooding at high tide along the Atlantic coast, the Intracoastal Waterway and the St. Johns River basin (Florida Times-Union). Heat is long rather than extreme. The normals count 80.1 days a year at 90F or above but under one at 100F (37.8 C); 2025 had 113 days at 90F or above, the third-most since the airport's record began in 1938, and 2026 had 107 through 27 September, with three days at 100F or above in 2025. The station's highest reading is 105F (40.6 C), on 21 July 1942. Cold is brief but real: 14.3 freezing nights a year on the normals, 19 in the first months of 2026, and a record low of 7F (-13.9 C) on 21 January 1985. Measurable snow is rare enough to list: 1.5 in (3.8 cm) on 13 February 1958, 0.8 in on 23 December 1989 and 0.1 in on 22 January 2025.
What people earn and what the government takes
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $98,000 CAD (2020) | $72,389 USD (2024) | Not directly comparable |
| Unemployment rate Statistics Canada and the Bureau of Labor Statistics define unemployment slightly differently; the Canadian measure runs about a point higher on the same labour market. | 6.8% (July 2026) | 4.9% (July 2026) | Not directly comparable |
| Sales tax | 5% | 7.5% | Calgary |
| Top marginal income tax Federal plus provincial or state. The American figure leaves out payroll taxes and the cost of health insurance, both of which a Canadian household covers through the tax it pays here. | 48% | 37% | Jacksonville |
| Income tax on $100,000, single filer Computed from each jurisdiction's brackets at a single filer's $100,000 and rounded to the dollar, so a gap of a dollar is rounding rather than tax. Two cities in one province or state are shown as Even, because there the two cells describe the same tax and whatever separates them is method. | $21,733 CAD | $13,449 USD | Not directly comparable |
Calgary's unemployment rate has run above the national rate through 2025 and 2026 even as Alberta posted the largest proportional year-over-year employment gain among provinces (+91,000, +3.5%) to July 2026; fast in-migration keeps the labour force growing faster than hiring.
Main sectors: Oil and gas head offices and energy services, Finance, engineering and professional services, Logistics and distribution (YYC cargo, rail, inland port), Technology and agri-food, Health care and education.
Alberta has no provincial sales tax, no payroll tax and no land transfer tax; Calgary levies municipal property tax on assessed value.
BLS counted 803,800 nonfarm jobs in the Jacksonville MSA in August 2026 (not seasonally adjusted, preliminary), up only 500 on the year, almost flat. Private education and health services grew fastest (+3.3%, to 139,800) and professional and business services next (+2.0%, to 120,100), while financial activities lost 4,400 jobs (-6.1%, to 67,800), finance and insurance alone 3,000, and information fell 8.2% to 13,400. Government shrank 2.5% to 77,900, almost all of it federal (-8.4%, from 20,300 to 18,600); BLS's payroll count does not include active-duty sailors. Trade, transportation and utilities is the largest sector at 170,000 jobs, and leisure and hospitality held at 93,900. The seasonally adjusted series (SMS12272600000000001) was 806,600 in August 2026, 0.4% above August 2025. JAXPORT moved 1,388,841 TEUs of containers in fiscal 2025 (October 2024 to September 2025), up 4% on the year, 506,237 vehicles and 10.2 million tons of cargo, and says its cargo supports more than 258,800 jobs and $44 billion of annual economic impact in the region and state; a $250 million modernization of Blount Island's container and auto terminals was completed in 2025. The state's 2024 defense summary, on 2022 figures, puts defense spending in Duval County at $6.5 billion and its total impact at $9.1 billion, 68,060 jobs and 10.4% of the county's economy.
Main sectors: Port, rail and logistics: JAXPORT, Florida's No. 1 container port by volume (nearly 1.39 million TEUs and 506,237 vehicles in fiscal 2025), CSX and the Florida East Coast Railway, both headquartered in the city, and the shipping lines to Puerto Rico (Crowley, TOTE Maritime, Trailer Bridge), The Navy: Naval Air Station Jacksonville, the largest installation in Navy Region Southeast, Naval Station Mayport, home of the Fourth Fleet and 21 ships, and Marine Corps Support Facility Blount Island; defense spending has a $9.1 billion total economic impact in Duval County, Finance, insurance and financial technology (FIS and Fidelity National Financial, both headquartered in the city, Florida Blue, and Deutsche Bank's second-largest US operation), a sector now shrinking, Health care (Mayo Clinic Florida, Baptist Health and Wolfson Children's Hospital, UF Health Jacksonville, St. Vincent's), the metro's fastest-growing large sector, Trade, transportation and utilities, the metro's largest sector by payroll jobs (170,000 in August 2026).
Property tax is the local levy that matters. Tax Foundation puts Florida's effective property tax rate on owner-occupied homes at 0.78%, and a homestead exemption takes as much as $50,000 off a permanent residence's taxable value, with the Save Our Homes limit on how fast its assessment can rise (Florida Department of Revenue). On 22 September 2026 the City Council adopted a $2 billion budget for fiscal 2027, 18 to 1, and kept the consolidated government's rate at 11.1919 mills, about $11.19 per $1,000 of taxable value, on a 16 to 3 vote; The four towns that kept their own governments pay a different city rate (7.9012 mills at the Beaches, 9.4208 in Baldwin). Council and mayor held the rate rather than cut it because of Amendment 3, the homestead property tax cut on Florida's 3 November 2026 ballot, which the city expects would open a revenue shortfall of about $300 million by 2028 if it passes, and tied some spending to its outcome (Jacksonville Today). School board and other levies on the same bill belong to the housing layer.
Whether you need a car
| Measure | Calgary | Jacksonville | Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|
| System | Calgary Transit (CTrain light rail Red and Blue lines, MAX bus rapid transit, bus network); Green Line LRT under construction | Jacksonville Transportation Authority (JTA): fixed-route buses (174 vehicles on 30 routes in 2026), the four-line First Coast Flyer bus rapid transit network (Green, Blue, Red and Orange lines, opened from December 2015 to 2021 and running every 20 minutes on weekdays), the fare-free 2.5-mile Skyway people mover with eight stations Downtown and on the Southbank (opened 1989), the NAVI autonomous shuttle on the 3.5-mile Bay Street corridor (opened June 2025), the St. Johns River Ferry between Mayport and Fort George Island, and Connexion paratransit. The Skyway is due to stop running on 2 November 2026 and NAVI on 1 January 2027. | Not directly comparable |
| Commute by public transit | 8.8% (2021) | 0.8% (2024) | Calgary |
| Walk or cycle to work | 5.1% (2021) | 2.0% (2024) | Calgary |
| Airport | Calgary International Airport, YYC, 19.4 million passengers in 2025 (record; 18.9 million in 2024), 108 destinations | Jacksonville International Airport (JAX), owned by the Jacksonville Aviation Authority about 12 miles north of downtown, handled 7,573,048 passengers in calendar 2025, 1.1% fewer than the 7,654,406 of 2024, by this file's sum of the authority's monthly traffic report; its fiscal year to September 2025 was 7,573,168, below the record 7,647,916 of the year before. American (27.6%) and Delta (27.1%) carried the most enplanements in the fiscal year to May 2026, ahead of United (15.1%) and Southwest (14.8%). That is about a third of Tampa International's 24.8 million. | Not directly comparable |
93.1 million trips in 2025 under the new automated passenger counting method, versus 93.7 million restated for 2024 (RouteAhead Annual Status Report 2025, May 7, 2026). Earlier published totals used a different method and are not comparable.
JTA carried 7,342,300 unlinked trips in 2025, 6,307,000 of them by bus, 413,600 on the ferry and 253,200 on the Skyway, and about 28,000 a weekday in the second quarter of 2026, 1,000 of them on the Skyway (APTA ridership reports, as cited by Wikipedia; APTA's PDFs refused the fetcher). That is less than HART's 11.9 million in Tampa and a third of LYNX's 22.2 million in Orlando, for a city two and a half to three times as large. The agency is in a financial crisis. Its board adopted a $139.2 million budget for fiscal 2027, down from $178 million, to close a projected $17.5 million gap, and in September interim CEO Cleveland Ferguson III, appointed on 27 August after Nathaniel Ford's 13 years in charge, said a $39 million hole meant up to 194 layoffs and a Saturday schedule on weekdays from 2 November, with the First Coast Flyer kept at every 20 minutes. The Skyway, whose original ten-car fleet is down to two working vehicles, will halt that day while JTA decides whether to rebuild it, replace it or turn the guideway into an elevated trail, the option most favored in its spring survey. The Ultimate Urban Circulator, JTA's plan since 2016 to replace the monorail with autonomous vehicles on the Skyway's beams and city streets at an estimated $400 million, has stalled: NAVI, its first phase, drew just over 100 riders a day in its first three months and 11,892 in all by early April 2026, and will stop on 1 January because the developer of its driving software is ending support (Jacksonville Today).
Health care, schools and what each city is like
Health care
Care is paid for through the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan, which is free at the point of use for residents and covers physician and hospital services but not most prescriptions, dental or vision, so employer plans matter; the province split Alberta Health Services into separate acute care, primary care and continuing care agencies in 2024 and 2025, and finding a family doctor and waiting for specialists and elective surgery are the common complaints. Major hospitals are Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Rockyview General, South Health Campus and Alberta Children's Hospital.
Education
The University of Calgary is the city's research university, with Mount Royal University, SAIT and Bow Valley College alongside it. K-12 is run by two publicly funded boards, the Calgary Board of Education and the Calgary Catholic School District, plus francophone boards and a sizeable provincially funded charter school sector; enrolment growth has outrun school construction in the newer suburbs.
Living there
Calgary is a spread-out, car-oriented city of single-family suburbs around a compact office core that still has high vacancy from the oil downturn, with the Rockies an hour west and a river-path network that people actually use. Winters are long but sunny and broken by chinooks, and the economy and housing market both swing with oil prices and with the in-migration surges that have made it one of Canada's fastest-growing metros since 2022.
Health care
Care is paid for through employer or marketplace insurance, Medicare and Medicaid, and Florida is one of the ten states that have not expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act; an organizing committee relaunched a ballot initiative to expand it in February 2026 (KFF). Florida's uninsured rate was 10.9% in 2024 (2,509,782 of 23,038,464), the sixth-highest of any state, against 8.2% nationally, on the ACS 2024 1-year estimates; the City of Jacksonville's was 10.1% (99,720 of 990,245), Duval County's 9.9% and the metro's 8.2%. UF Health Jacksonville, the University of Florida's academic hospital downtown with 695 beds and another 216 at UF Health North, is home to North Florida's Level I trauma center and carries the city's safety-net care: the fiscal 2027 city budget carries $56 million for its indigent care (Jacksonville Today). Mayo Clinic's Florida campus on the Southside, Mayo's first outside Rochester, opened in 1986 and has a hospital Wikipedia gives 304 beds, with an expansion to 428 announced for 2026. Baptist Health runs Baptist Medical Center Jacksonville and, beside it on the downtown riverfront, the 281-bed Wolfson Children's Hospital, the region's only Level I pediatric trauma center verified by the American College of Surgeons. This file did not verify a wait time figure for primary or specialist care.
Education
Duval County Public Schools, whose boundaries match the county's, has fallen below 100,000 students this fall for the first time in modern history, a 16% decline since 2015, when it had more than 115,000, as charter schools, homeschooling and state scholarships for private tuition grew (Action News Jax, 30 September 2026). It cut 115 teaching positions in September 2025 after a 1.9% drop in enrollment, closed several elementary schools that summer under its 2024 master facilities plan, and is consolidating four more in 2026-27, with two others delayed to 2027-28 and 2028-29. The University of North Florida, a public R2 research university founded in 1965 on the Southside, enrolled 16,575 students in 2024 (Florida Board of Governors). Jacksonville University, private, in Arlington, enrolled 4,247 in fall 2024 and has what Wikipedia calls the second-largest Naval ROTC program in the country. Florida State College at Jacksonville, the state college with campuses across the city, enrolled 23,556 students in 2024-25 (IPEDS, as compiled by UnivStats), 70% of them part time. Edward Waters University, founded in 1866, is the state's oldest historically Black college, and the city has committed $130 million to a new University of Florida graduate campus (Jacksonville Today).
Living there
Jacksonville is the largest city by land area in the contiguous United States, 747 square miles, because in 1968 it consolidated with Duval County and took in almost all of it; it is Florida's largest city by a wide margin and the eleventh-largest in the country, yet its metro is the smallest of the four Florida metros this site compares, and half the metro's growth since 2020 has been in St. Johns and Nassau counties rather than the city. The St. Johns River runs north through the middle of it to the Atlantic, and the river is both the economy and the risk: JAXPORT, Florida's busiest container port, and the Navy's bases at NAS Jacksonville and Mayport line it, and Irma in 2017 pushed it to its highest recorded level downtown. It is the coolest of the Florida cities here after Tallahassee, with real if brief winters, and hurricanes rarely hit it directly. It is built for the car: 70.9% of workers drive alone and 0.8% take transit, and the transit agency is cutting service, halting the Skyway and ending its autonomous shuttle in a budget crisis. Violent crime, at 514 per 100,000 on the FBI's counts, is higher than in Miami or Tampa. Household income, at $72,389, sits in the middle of the Florida cities, and Florida takes no income tax. The open questions are the transit agency's finances, a shrinking school district, the November 2026 homestead tax vote the city has budgeted against, and whether finance jobs, down 6.1% in a year, keep leaving.
Where each city wins, and where it loses
Calgary's figures are in Canadian dollars and Jacksonville's in US dollars, so each is read against local pay. Calgary's benchmark was $569,200 CAD in July 2026 on the MLS Home Price Index, 5.8 times the city's 2020 median household income of $98,000 CAD. Jacksonville's price is the Northeast Florida Association of REALTORS' median sale price for single-family homes in Duval County, $335,000 USD in August 2026 on 887 closed sales, 1.5% below a year earlier. No figure for the City of Jacksonville alone is published, and the city, one government with the county since 1968, holds 96% of Duval's people. The county median is about 4.6 times the city's 2024 median household income of $72,389 USD, and Zillow's index for the City of Jacksonville, which models every home rather than the houses that sold, stood lower, at $285,103, about 3.9 times. At 20% down, Calgary's loan at 4.34% costs $2,480 CAD a month over 25 years, and the $268,000 loan on the Duval median at Freddie Mac's 7.03% of 24 September 2026 about $1,788 USD over 30. Property tax is 0.665% of Calgary's benchmark, $3,785 CAD a year, against about $5,215 USD for a homesteaded owner in Jacksonville: the consolidated City's 11.1919 mills, Duval County Public Schools' 6.3430 and two small regional levies come to 17.7412, an effective 1.56% after Florida's homestead exemption, and $5,943 without one. Insurance is budgeted at $210 CAD and $275 USD a month, and the Jacksonville policy carries its own hurricane deductible and no flood cover. The owners carry about $3,005 CAD and $2,498 USD, roughly 37% and 41% of local median income. A two-bedroom averaged $1,908 CAD in October 2025, and Jacksonville's median two-bedroom rent was $1,306 USD in September 2026, about 23% and 22% of local median income. Alberta allows one increase a year of any size, and Florida forbids rent control outright.
Only homicide crosses the border intact, and on it the two cities are far apart. Calgary recorded 15 in 2025, about 1.0 per 100,000 and its lowest count in ten years. Jacksonville recorded 80 in the FBI's Crime Data Explorer, about 7.9 per 100,000, against 63 in 2024, the low point of a series that ran 107, 132 and 128 from 2021 to 2023; murder was the one violent measure that rose there in 2025, and the sheriff's office cleared 55% of the year's murders against 73% the year before. The other rates are different instruments. Statistics Canada put the Calgary metro's 2025 Crime Severity Index at 61.7, below the national 75.0; American cities have no equivalent. The Calgary Police Service counted 1,086 violent victims per 100,000 in 2025, a count that includes common assault and uttering threats. Jacksonville's 514 per 100,000 is 5,231 offenses of murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault reported by the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office, which polices the consolidated city and county, divided by the Census estimate of 1,017,689; that is above Miami and Tampa on this site and below Dallas and Houston. Property crime, 3,328 incidents per 100,000 against 2,154 offenses, has the same problem. The directions differ too. Jacksonville's violent offenses fell 8% in 2025 to 19% below 2021, and motor vehicle theft dropped 41% in a year; Calgary's police-counted violence increased 4% on assaults. The Jacksonville counts were read on 1 October 2026 and can still be revised.
The climates are opposites. January averages -7.6 C in Calgary, where snaps drop below -30 C and chinooks break them, and 12.3 C at Jacksonville International, the coolest winter of the four Florida cities on this site, with 14.3 nights a year at or below freezing. July averages a dry 16.9 C in Calgary and 28.1 C in Jacksonville, with a mean high of 91.9F, and the normals count 80.1 days a year at or above 32.2 C (90F) but under one at 37.8 C (100F); 2025 had 113 days at 90F or above, the third-most since the airport's record began in 1938. Jacksonville gets 1,356 mm of precipitation a year, three times Calgary's 445.4 mm and 54% of it from June to September, and no snow on the normals against Calgary's 138.7 cm. Sunshine is 2,880 hours on the older US series against 2,396.3. Hurricanes are the defining hazard, though direct hits are rare: Dora in 1964 is the one direct strike counted since 1871. Irma did the recent damage from about 75 miles west in September 2017, with water rather than wind. Storm surge, high tides and rain pushed the St. Johns River at the Main Street Bridge downtown to a record crest of 5.57 ft, and crews made about 350 water rescues, mostly in Downtown, Riverside and San Marco. Nor'easters bring tidal flooding along the coast and the river without a storm in sight, as in September and October 2025. Calgary's hazards are hail, with major storms in 2020 and 2024, the June 2013 flood and wildfire smoke.
Calgary runs on oil and gas head offices, and Jacksonville on a port, two railroads and the Navy. BLS counted 803,800 nonfarm jobs in the Jacksonville metro in August 2026, only 500 more than a year earlier, and the metro's unemployment rate was 4.9% in July 2026, not seasonally adjusted, against 4.4% for the US on the same basis. JAXPORT, Florida's largest container port, moved 1,388,841 TEUs in fiscal 2025; CSX and the Florida East Coast Railway are headquartered in the city; and Naval Air Station Jacksonville and Naval Station Mayport, home of the Fourth Fleet, are inside it, with defense spending credited with a $9.1 billion total economic impact in Duval County. Education and health services grew fastest, 3.3% in a year, while financial activities lost 4,400 jobs, 6.1%, in a city where FIS and Fidelity National Financial have their headquarters. The Calgary metro's rate was 6.8% on a three-month average, second highest among large Canadian metros, even though Alberta added 91,000 jobs in the year to July 2026; the two rates are not built the same way, so the gap is approximate. Median household income was $98,000 CAD in Calgary in 2020 and $72,389 USD in the City of Jacksonville in 2024. Alberta levies a provincial income tax, so $100,000 pays about $21,733 CAD, 21.7% before CPP and EI. Florida levies none, so the same salary pays $13,449 USD in federal tax for 2025, and property tax carries more of the load: about $5,215 a year on the Duval median against $3,785 CAD on Calgary's benchmark. Sales tax is 7.5% in Duval County against the 5% GST, and the top combined marginal rate 37% against 48%.
Transit is Calgary's by a wide margin. In the 2021 census 8.8% of Calgary commuters took transit and 5.1% walked or cycled, counted in a pandemic month, and Calgary Transit carried 93.1 million trips in 2025 on two CTrain lines, MAX bus rapid transit and buses. In Jacksonville 0.8% of workers commuted by transit in 2024, the second-lowest share of any city this site compares, 2.0% walked or cycled, 70.9% drove alone and 15.0% worked from home. The Jacksonville Transportation Authority carried 7,342,300 trips in 2025 on buses, four First Coast Flyer rapid bus lines, a ferry across the St. Johns and the Skyway, a 2.5-mile people mover downtown, and it is shrinking. Facing a $39 million hole, it plans up to 194 layoffs and a Saturday schedule on weekdays from 2 November 2026, with the Flyer kept at every 20 minutes; the Skyway stops that day while the authority decides what to do with it, and the NAVI autonomous shuttle on Bay Street ends on 1 January 2027. Jacksonville is the largest city by land area in the contiguous United States, 747 square miles, which is part of why the bus struggles. Flying favors Calgary: Jacksonville International, about 12 miles north of downtown, handled 7,573,048 passengers in 2025, 1.1% fewer than in 2024, against a record 19.4 million at YYC.
Health care is the difference a household meets every week. In Calgary the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan pays for physician and hospital care with nothing due at the point of use and leaves most prescriptions, dental and vision to employer plans; the standing complaints are finding a family doctor and waiting for specialists and elective surgery. In Jacksonville care is bought through an employer or marketplace plan, Medicare or Medicaid, and Florida is one of ten states that have not expanded Medicaid. It had the sixth-highest uninsured rate of any state in 2024, 10.9%, and the City of Jacksonville's was 10.1%. UF Health Jacksonville, the University of Florida's academic hospital downtown, runs North Florida's Level I trauma center and carries the city's safety-net care, with $56 million for indigent care in the fiscal 2027 city budget. Mayo Clinic's Florida campus, its first outside Rochester, is on the Southside, and Baptist Health's Wolfson Children's Hospital is the region's only Level I pediatric trauma center verified by the American College of Surgeons. This site verified no wait time for either city. Calgary has two publicly funded school boards, francophone boards and a provincially funded charter sector, with enrollment outrunning construction in the newer suburbs. Jacksonville's problem is the reverse: Duval County Public Schools fell below 100,000 students this fall for the first time in modern history, 16% fewer than in 2015, as charter schools, homeschooling and state scholarships for private tuition grew, and it is closing and consolidating elementary schools. The University of North Florida enrolled 16,575 students in 2024.
What people underestimate is how much of the Jacksonville bill is still being set, and what it leaves out. The $5,215 assumes a homestead filed by 1 March of the year after the purchase; without one the same house owes $5,943, and Save Our Homes resets a house's assessment to market value the January after a sale, so the seller's bill is no guide. Two votes on 3 November 2026 bear on it: Amendment 3, a homestead property tax cut that the City expects would open a revenue shortfall of about $300 million by 2028 if it passes, which is why it held its rate rather than cut it, and the renewal of the school board's voted mill. The City's solid waste and stormwater fees, about $414 a year, come on the same bill and no exemption reduces them, and on the newer edges of the city a community development district can add more: Normandy CDD charges a developed 50-foot lot $4,225.50 for fiscal 2027. The $275 a month buys no flood cover, and from 1 January 2027 every Citizens Property Insurance homeowners policy with wind cover must carry flood too. At closing Florida taxes the loan, about $1,474 in documentary stamp and intangible tax on a $268,000 mortgage, and the seller pays 0.7% on the deed, $2,345 at the median, where Alberta charges no land transfer tax at all. Growth differs in kind: the Calgary metro grew 2.9% in 2024-25, and the City of Jacksonville 0.8%, while half its metro's growth since 2020 went to St. Johns and Nassau counties. Calgary's 4.34% renews after a five-year term, while the Jacksonville 7.03% holds for thirty years; at 6.67%, the August rate Charlotte and the other Florida cities on this site were written at, the Jacksonville carry would be about $2,434.
Better here
- There were 15 homicides in 2025, about 1.0 per 100,000 and a ten-year low, against 80 in Jacksonville at about 7.9.
- The Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan covers physician and hospital care with nothing due at the point of use, where Florida has not expanded Medicaid and 10.1% of City of Jacksonville residents had no health insurance in 2024.
- Transit carried 8.8% of commuters in the 2021 census and 93.1 million trips in 2025 on two CTrain lines and buses, against 0.8% and 7,342,300 trips in Jacksonville, whose transit agency is cutting service.
- Mortgage, property tax and insurance come to about $3,005 CAD a month, roughly 37% of the city's 2020 median household income, against about 41% in Jacksonville.
- Property tax is 0.665% of the benchmark, $3,785 CAD a year, against an effective 1.56% on the homesteaded Duval County median, and Alberta charges no land transfer tax.
- July averages a dry 16.9 C on the 1991-2020 normals, against 28.1 C in Jacksonville, where the same normals count 80.1 days a year at or above 32.2 C (90F), and no hurricane season.
Worse here
- Metro unemployment was 6.8% in July 2026, second highest among large Canadian metros, against 4.9% in the Jacksonville metro on an unadjusted count the same month.
- January averages -7.6 C on a 138.7 cm snow normal, with cold snaps below -30 C, against 12.3 C and no snow in Jacksonville.
- Income tax takes about $21,733 CAD of $100,000 for 2025, 21.7%, where Florida levies none and the federal bill is $13,449 USD, and the top combined rate is 48% against 37%.
- The benchmark is 5.8 times the city's 2020 median household income, against about 4.6 times for the Duval County single-family median and about 3.9 times for Zillow's City of Jacksonville value.
- The 4.34% mortgage rate is fixed for a five-year term and then renews, where a Jacksonville loan at 7.03% of 24 September 2026 holds for thirty years.
- Summer hail is the costly recurring hazard, with major storms in 2020 and 2024, and the Bow and Elbow flooded the core in June 2013.
Choose Calgary if
- you want health coverage that comes with residency rather than with an employer, a premium or a deductible
- you want to reach work by train, in a city where transit carries about eleven times Jacksonville's share of commuters
- you would rather have a dry 16.9 C July and a cold winter than a humid summer and a hurricane season
- you put safety first, on a homicide rate about one-eighth of Jacksonville's
The Calgary guide · Neighbourhoods · Calgary rent vs buy · Calgary mortgage calculator
Better here
- Unemployment in the Jacksonville metro was 4.9% in July 2026, not seasonally adjusted, against 6.8% in the Calgary metro, on 803,800 nonfarm jobs in August.
- Florida levies no income tax, so $100,000 pays $13,449 USD in federal tax for 2025 and $13,170 for 2026, against about $21,733 CAD in Calgary.
- January averages 12.3 C with no snow on the normals, against -7.6 C and 138.7 cm in Calgary, and the older US series records 2,880 hours of sunshine a year.
- The Duval County single-family median of $335,000 USD is about 4.6 times the city's 2024 median household income, against 5.8 times for Calgary's benchmark.
- Violent offenses on the FBI's definitions fell 8% in 2025 to 5,231, 19% below 2021, and motor vehicle theft dropped 41% in a year.
- A median two-bedroom rented for $1,306 USD in September 2026, about 22% of the city's median household income, against 23% in Calgary.
Worse here
- There were 80 homicides in 2025, about 7.9 per 100,000 and 17 more than in 2024, against 15 and about 1.0 in Calgary.
- Mortgage, property tax and insurance come to about $2,498 USD a month on the Duval median, roughly 41% of the city's median household income against 37% in Calgary, before any flood policy.
- Property tax on the median is about $5,215 a year with a homestead, an effective 1.56%, and $5,943 without one, and the buyer pays about $1,474 in tax on the loan at closing.
- Florida is one of ten states that have not expanded Medicaid, it had the sixth-highest uninsured rate of any state in 2024, 10.9%, and the city's was 10.1%.
- Only 0.8% of workers commuted by transit in 2024 and 70.9% drove alone, and the transit agency is cutting weekday service to a Saturday schedule and halting the Skyway from 2 November 2026.
- Hurricanes and nor'easters flood the St. Johns River and the coast: Irma pushed the river to a record 5.57 ft downtown in 2017, and insurance runs $275 a month before flood cover.
Choose Jacksonville if
- you want a labor market at 4.9% unemployment built on a port, two railroads, the Navy and the hospitals
- you want a 12.3 C January with no snow and can plan around a humid summer and a hurricane season
- you have employer health insurance you trust and would rather pay property tax on a house than provincial income tax on a salary
- you want a mortgage rate that is fixed for thirty years and will drive to most things
The Jacksonville guide · Neighborhoods · Jacksonville rent vs buy · Jacksonville mortgage calculator
Calgary or Jacksonville, in short
Is Calgary or Jacksonville cheaper to live in?
Calgary, slightly, to own, once each bill is held against its own city's pay, because the currencies do not convert here. A Calgary owner pays about $3,005 CAD a month on mortgage, property tax and insurance, roughly 37% of the 2020 median household income of $98,000 CAD, on a benchmark 5.8 times that income. A Jacksonville owner pays about $2,498 USD on the Duval County single-family median of $335,000, roughly 41% of the city's 2024 median of $72,389 USD, on a house about 4.6 times that income; Zillow's index for the City of Jacksonville stood lower, at $285,103. The house is cheaper against pay in Jacksonville and the money, the tax and the insurance dearer: 7.03% against 4.34%, a homesteaded property tax of about $5,215 a year against $3,785 CAD, and $275 a month of insurance against $210 before any flood policy. Jacksonville takes less income tax, $13,449 USD on $100,000 for 2025 against about $21,733 CAD, and more sales tax, 7.5% against 5%. Renting is level: a two-bedroom averaged $1,908 CAD in Calgary in October 2025 and had a median of $1,306 USD in Jacksonville in September 2026, about 23% and 22% of each city's median household income.
Is Calgary or Jacksonville safer?
Calgary, by a wide margin on homicide, the one measure that crosses the border. Calgary recorded 15 homicides in 2025, about 1.0 per 100,000 and its lowest count in ten years; Jacksonville recorded 80 in the FBI's file, about 7.9 per 100,000, against 63 in 2024, and its sheriff's office cleared 55% of the year's murders. The other rates are different instruments. The Calgary Police Service's 1,086 violent victims per 100,000 counts victims and includes common assault and uttering threats, while Jacksonville's 514 per 100,000 is offenses of murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault, divided by the Census estimate and still open to revision. Property crime, 3,328 incidents per 100,000 against 2,154 offenses, is defined differently as well. Jacksonville's violent offenses fell 8% in 2025 and its motor vehicle thefts 41%; Calgary's police-counted violence increased 4%, while its metro Crime Severity Index, 61.7, sits below the national 75.0.
Which has the better climate, Calgary or Jacksonville?
Jacksonville in winter and Calgary in summer. January averages 12.3 C in Jacksonville with no snow on the normals and 14.3 freezing nights a year, against -7.6 C and 138.7 cm in Calgary, where snaps reach below -30 C though chinooks break them. July reverses it: 28.1 C and humid in Jacksonville, with 80.1 days a year at or above 32.2 C (90F) on the normals and 113 in 2025, against a dry 16.9 C in Calgary. Jacksonville gets 1,356 mm of precipitation a year, three times Calgary's 445.4 mm, most of it in summer storms, and 2,880 hours of sunshine on the older US series against 2,396.3. Jacksonville's hazards are hurricanes, rarely direct but costly when they flood the St. Johns River, as Irma did in 2017, and nor'easters that bring tidal flooding; Calgary's are hail, the 2013 flood and wildfire smoke.
What happens to my health care if I move from Calgary to Jacksonville?
It stops being a public plan and becomes a purchase. In Calgary the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan pays for physician and hospital care with nothing due at the point of use, and an employer plan matters for prescriptions, dental and vision. In Jacksonville you need an employer or marketplace plan, Medicare or Medicaid, with the premium, deductible and copay that come with it, and Florida is one of the ten states that have not expanded Medicaid, though an organizing committee relaunched a ballot initiative to expand it in February 2026. Florida's uninsured rate was 10.9% in 2024, the sixth-highest of any state, and the City of Jacksonville's 10.1%. UF Health Jacksonville runs North Florida's Level I trauma center and the city's safety-net care, Mayo Clinic has its Florida campus on the Southside, and Wolfson Children's is the region's Level I pediatric trauma center. This site did not verify a wait time for either city; Calgary's known problems are finding a family doctor and elective surgery queues.
Where the figures come from
Housing figures are the ones behind each city's calculators, dated on those pages. The rest are listed here with the date they were retrieved. See the methodology for how facts, estimates and opinion are kept apart.
- Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population: Calgary, City (CY), Alberta · Statistics Canada · retrieved Supports: City population, Five-year growth, Median household income, Transit commute share, Walk and cycle commute share
- Population estimates, July 1, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, 2021 boundaries (table 17-10-0148-01) · Statistics Canada · retrieved Supports: Metro population
- Canada's population estimates: Subprovincial areas, 2025 · Statistics Canada, The Daily · retrieved Supports: Five-year growth, character
- Police-reported Crime Severity Index and crime rate, by census metropolitan area, 2025 · Statistics Canada, The Daily · retrieved Supports: Crime Severity Index, Crime trend
- 2025 Crime Report, Report to Calgary Police Commission · Calgary Police Service · retrieved Supports: Violent crime rate, Property crime rate, Homicides, Crime trend, City population
- Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020, Calgary Int'l A · Environment and Climate Change Canada · retrieved Supports: January mean, July mean, Annual precipitation, Annual snowfall
- Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010, Calgary Int'l A · Environment and Climate Change Canada · retrieved Supports: Sunshine hours
- Labour Force Survey, July 2026 · Statistics Canada, The Daily · retrieved Supports: Unemployment rate, Labour market
- Calgary unemployment rate dropped in July, but remains among highest in Canada · CBC News · retrieved Supports: Unemployment rate
- Alberta tax overview · Government of Alberta · retrieved Supports: Sales tax, Income tax on $100,000, Tax notes
- Alberta 2025 & 2026 Tax Rates & Tax Brackets · TaxTips.ca · retrieved Supports: Top marginal income tax, Income tax on $100,000
- Canada 2025 & 2026 Tax Rates & Tax Brackets · TaxTips.ca · retrieved Supports: Income tax on $100,000
- RouteAhead Annual Status Report 2025 (IP2026-0142, Attachment 2) · City of Calgary, Calgary Transit · retrieved Supports: Transit ridership, Transit system
- From home to work: Commuting in Canada's cities, May 2024 · Statistics Canada · retrieved Supports: Transit commute share
- YYC Calgary International Airport welcomed 19.4 million passengers in 2025 · Calgary Airports · retrieved Supports: Airport passengers
- Calgary victim's family not celebrating Calgary's 10-year low homicide rate · CP24 / CTV News · retrieved Supports: Homicides
- Data about Calgary's population · City of Calgary · retrieved Supports: City population, Median household income
- Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Florida: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2025 (SUB-EST2025) · US Census Bureau · retrieved Supports: City population, Five-year growth, Violent crime rate, Property crime rate, Homicides, Character, Jacksonville city 949,607 (April 2020 base), 1,009,370 (2024) and 1,017,689 (2025); Duval County 1,062,963; Atlantic Beach, Baldwin, Jacksonville Beach and Neptune Beach rows
- Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places of 50,000 or More (all states, SUB-EST2025) · US Census Bureau · retrieved Supports: City population, Five-year growth, Character
- Annual Resident Population Estimates and Components of Change for Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Their Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2025 (CBSA-EST2025-ALLDATA) · US Census Bureau · retrieved Supports: Metro population, Five-year growth, Character
- 2024 Gazetteer Files: Places (national) · US Census Bureau · retrieved Supports: Character, point, Jacksonville city: 747.266 sq mi of land, 127.193 sq mi of water, internal point 30.336864, -81.661603
- Jacksonville, Florida (consolidation, land area, Jacksonville Sheriff's Office, hurricanes, economy, colleges) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Character, Climate hazards, Violent crime rate, Main sectors, Education
- Crime Data Explorer summarized agency data, Jacksonville Sheriff's Office (FL0160000): violent crime, property crime, homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft and arson, 2021-2025 · FBI · retrieved Supports: Violent crime rate, Property crime rate, Homicides, Crime trend, Character
- JSO reporting more murders over the last year, with fewer murder cases cleared · Action News Jax · retrieved Supports: Homicides, Crime trend
- Jacksonville's 2025 homicide data reveals spikes in certain areas but only 1 gang-related death · News4JAX · retrieved Supports: Homicides
- Jacksonville violence takes historic tumble in 2024: City reports lowest homicide numbers in 2 decades · News4JAX · retrieved Supports: Homicides
- US Climate Normals 1991-2020, station USW00013889 Jacksonville International Airport (Access Data Service) · NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information · retrieved Supports: January mean, July mean, Annual precipitation, Annual snowfall, Climate normals, Climate hazards, Character, January 54.2F, July 82.5F, August 82.1F and the monthly highs, lows, rain and snow from the monthly series, and annual mean 69.3F, precipitation 53.40 in, snowfall 0.0 in, 80.1 days at 90F, 0.7 at 100F and 14.3 nights at freezing from dataset=normals-annualseasonal-1991-2020 for the same station
- Global Historical Climatology Network daily summaries, Jacksonville International Airport (USW00013889), 1938-2026 · NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards, 113 days at or above 90F in 2025 (after 116 in 1955 and 114 in 2011), 107 in 2026 through 27 September, three days at 100F or above in 2025, 105F on 21 July 1942, 7F on 21 January 1985, 19 freezing nights in 2026, 5.18 and 4.54 in on 10 and 11 September 2017, 6.28 in on 7 October 2016, snow of 1.5 in on 13 February 1958, 0.8 in on 23 December 1989 and 0.1 in on 22 January 2025
- Average Annual Sunshine in US Cities · Current Results (NCDC Comparative Climatic Data, 1961-1990) · retrieved Supports: Sunshine hours, Climate normals
- Post Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Irma (PSHJAX, issued 22 September 2017) · National Weather Service, Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards, Character, St. Johns River at Main Street crest of 5.57 ft NAVD88 against Dora's 4.12 ft, the preceding nor'easter, about 350 water rescues in Duval County, 86 mph gust at the airport
- Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida (Duval County) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards
- Irma Brings Record Flooding to Jacksonville, Cuts Power to More Than 7 Million · Weather Underground · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards
- Long Nor'easter, tidal flooding and Tropical Storm Jerry. What to expect in Jacksonville · Florida Times-Union (via Yahoo News) · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards
- Nor'easter impacts in Jacksonville and coastal flood advisory extends through weekend · Florida Times-Union (via Yahoo News) · retrieved Supports: Climate hazards
- ACS 2024 1-year tables B08301 and B19013 for Jacksonville city, Duval County and the Jacksonville MSA · Census Reporter API (US Census Bureau ACS) · retrieved Supports: Median household income, Transit commute share, Walk and cycle commute share, Character
- ACS 2024 1-year table B27001 (health insurance coverage) for the 50 states, DC, Duval County, Jacksonville city and the Jacksonville MSA, and for the US · Census Reporter API (US Census Bureau ACS) · retrieved Supports: Health care
- Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Jacksonville, FL MSA (LAUMT122726000000003), Jacksonville city (LAUCT123500000000003), Duval County (LAUCN120310000000003), Florida (LAUST120000000000003), the Tampa, Orlando and Miami MSAs and the US rate (LNU04000000), not seasonally adjusted · US Bureau of Labor Statistics · retrieved Supports: Unemployment rate
- Current Employment Statistics, Jacksonville, FL MSA: total nonfarm (SMU12272600000000001, SMS12272600000000001), supersectors (SMU1227260xx00000001), finance and insurance (SMU12272605552000001) and federal, state and local government (SMU1227260909x000001) · US Bureau of Labor Statistics · retrieved Supports: Main sectors, Labour market, Character
- JAXPORT Highlights Infrastructure Progress and Long-Term Strategy at 2026 State of the Port · JAXPORT · retrieved Supports: Main sectors, Labour market, Character
- Annual Report 2024/2025 (Annual Comprehensive Financial Report for the year ended September 30, 2025) · Jacksonville Port Authority · retrieved Supports: Main sectors, Labour market, 1,388,841 TEUs against 1,340,412, 506,237 auto units against 509,091, 10,230,114 tons
- Florida Military and Defense Economic Impact Summary, January 2024 (Duval County, on 2022 figures) · Florida Defense Support Task Force / Select Florida · retrieved Supports: Main sectors, Labour market
- Naval Air Station Jacksonville · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Main sectors
- Naval Station Mayport · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Main sectors
- Discretionary Sales Surtax Information for Calendar Year 2026 (DR-15DSS) · Florida Department of Revenue · retrieved Supports: Sales tax
- Jacksonville Transportation Authority (toll removal and 1988 sales tax, Better Jacksonville Plan, routes, fleet, gas tax, budget) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Sales tax, Transit system, Transit ridership
- Duval County, Florida, School Sales Tax Referendum (November 2020) · Ballotpedia · retrieved Supports: Sales tax
- Duval County voters approve half-cent sales tax for schools · News4JAX · retrieved Supports: Sales tax
- Florida Tax Rates & Rankings · Tax Foundation · retrieved Supports: Top marginal income tax, Income tax on $100,000, Tax notes
- 2025 Tax Brackets and Federal Income Tax Rates · Tax Foundation · retrieved Supports: Top marginal income tax, Income tax on $100,000
- 2026 Tax Brackets and Federal Income Tax Rates · Tax Foundation · retrieved Supports: Top marginal income tax, Income tax on $100,000
- Property Tax Exemptions for Taxpayers (homestead exemption and Save Our Homes) · Florida Department of Revenue · retrieved Supports: Tax notes
- Jacksonville City Council approves $2B budget, restores affordable housing trust fund · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: Tax notes, Health care, Education, Character
- Template:American transit ridership (APTA Transit Ridership Reports, Q4 2025 and Q2 2026) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Transit ridership
- Skyway (Jacksonville) (length, stations, fleet, fare, Ultimate Urban Circulator) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Transit system, Transit ridership
- First Coast Flyer (lines and opening dates) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Transit system
- JTA begins first AV-powered service in U.S. · Mass Transit · retrieved Supports: Transit system, Transit ridership
- Friday is deadline to give your views on Skyway options · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: Transit ridership
- JTA studies Skyway options and postpones community meetings · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: Transit ridership
- JTA raises fares and cuts services to make up for budget deficit · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: Transit ridership
- Facing shortfall, JTA will cut jobs, reduce bus service and halt Skyway and NAVI · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: Transit system, Transit ridership, Character
- Traffic statistics, enplaned and deplaned passengers by month, fiscal years 2021/2022 to 2025/2026, and enplanements by airline (prepared 14 June 2026) · Jacksonville Aviation Authority · retrieved Supports: Airport passengers
- Jacksonville International Airport (location, ownership) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Airport passengers, Climate normals
- Status of State Medicaid Expansion Decisions · KFF · retrieved Supports: Health care
- UF Health Jacksonville · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Health care
- Mayo Clinic Florida · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Health care
- Wolfson Children's Hospital · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Health care
- Duval Schools enrollment down 16% since 2015, drops below 100K students · Action News Jax (via Yahoo News) · retrieved Supports: Education, Character
- Duval Schools cutting 115 teacher positions due to falling enrollment · Action News Jax · retrieved Supports: Education
- Board approves delays in proposed school consolidations · Duval County Public Schools · retrieved Supports: Education
- State University System of Florida 2025-2026 Matrix · Florida Board of Governors · retrieved Supports: Education
- University of North Florida (founding, R2 classification) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Education
- Fast Facts, Fall 2024 · Jacksonville University · retrieved Supports: Education
- Jacksonville University (Naval ROTC) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Education
- Florida State College at Jacksonville Student Population and Demographics (IPEDS 2024-2025) · UnivStats · retrieved Supports: Education
- Duval County Public Schools (boundaries) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Education
- Florida State College at Jacksonville (campuses) · Wikipedia · retrieved Supports: Education
- City of Calgary Monthly Statistics Package, July 2026 · Calgary Real Estate Board (CREB®) · retrieved Supports: Benchmark price of $569,200, Benchmark prices by property type
- Rental Market Survey: Calgary, average rent by bedroom type, October 2025 · Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation · retrieved Supports: One-bedroom average rent of $1,581, Two-bedroom average rent of $1,908
- Current property tax rates · City of Calgary · retrieved Supports: 2026 municipal residential rate, 2026 provincial education rate
- Premium information for homeowner and small rental loans · Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation · retrieved Supports: Mortgage default insurance premium rates by loan-to-value
- CMHC revises homeowner mortgage loan insurance premiums · Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation · retrieved Supports: The 20 basis point surcharge on a 30-year insured amortization
- Regulations amending the Insurable Housing Loan Regulations and the Eligible Mortgage Loan Regulations (SOR/2025-55) · Canada Gazette, Part II · retrieved Supports: The $1.5 million insured price cap, 30-year amortization for first-time buyers and new builds
- Minimum qualifying rate for uninsured mortgages · Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions · retrieved Supports: The qualifying rate of the contract rate plus two points, or 5.25%
- Interest rates charged for new and existing lending by chartered banks · Bank of Canada · retrieved Supports: The default mortgage rate of 4.34%, uninsured five-year-plus fixed, funds advanced May 2026
- How much will my home really cost? · Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation · retrieved Supports: Closing costs of 1.5% to 4% of the purchase price, Home inspection and appraisal ranges
- Land Titles and Surveys common documents fee schedule · Service Alberta and Red Tape Reduction, Government of Alberta · retrieved Supports: Transfer registration fee, Mortgage registration fee
- During a tenancy: rent increases · Government of Alberta · retrieved Supports: No cap on rent increases, 365-day frequency limit, Notice periods
- Alberta's tax advantage · Government of Alberta · retrieved Supports: Alberta levies no land transfer tax
- Northeast Florida market shows signs of a more balanced housing environment (August 2026 market report) · Northeast Florida Association of REALTORS · retrieved Supports: A median price of single-family homes in Duval County of $335,000 in August 2026, the same as July, 887 closed sales, 965 pending sales, 1,265 new listings, an active inventory of 3,057 homes and a 3.4-month supply in Duval County, and a median of 25 days on market, A six-county single-family median of $397,420, down 1.6%, and a St. Johns County median of $573,250, Monthly figures by county only, with no City of Jacksonville figure
- Inventory climbs while sales cool in the August housing market (August 2025 market report) · Northeast Florida Association of REALTORS · retrieved Supports: A median price of single-family homes in Duval County of $340,000 in August 2025, 889 closed sales, an active inventory of 4,197 homes, a 4.7-month supply and a median of 38 days on market in Duval County
- Jacksonville's Consolidation Mayor: Hans G. Tanzler Jr. · Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. 80 no. 2 (2001), via University of Central Florida STARS · retrieved Supports: Jacksonville's consolidation with Duval County on 1 October 1968
- 2025 Gazetteer files: places, Florida · United States Census Bureau · retrieved Supports: A land area of 747.33 square miles and a water area of 127.129 square miles for Jacksonville city
- 2025 final millages · Office of the Property Appraiser, Duval County, Florida, via the City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: For the general services district (excluding the beaches and Baldwin) and for USD1, the old City of Jacksonville: schools 6.3430, general government 11.1919, urban service district 0.0000, St. Johns River Water Management District 0.1793 and Florida Inland Navigation District 0.0270, a final total of 17.7412, Jacksonville Beach (USD2) at 18.4452, Atlantic Beach (USD3) at 17.2004, Neptune Beach (USD4) at 17.8161 and Baldwin (USD5) at 18.9701, each with a general government rate of 7.9012 or 9.4208 and its own municipal levy, No bond millage for any authority
- 2024 final millages · Office of the Property Appraiser, Duval County, Florida, via the City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: For the general services district: schools 6.3400, general government 11.3169, St. Johns River Water Management District 0.1793 and Florida Inland Navigation District 0.0288, a final total of 17.8650
- Millage rates · Duval County Property Appraiser, via the City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: Taxing districts for Duval County: GS and USD1, City of Jacksonville; USD2, Jacksonville Beach; USD3, Atlantic Beach; USD4, Neptune Beach; USD5, Baldwin, Taxing authorities for Duval County: the county public schools, the Florida Inland Navigation District and the St. Johns River Water Management District, with the four other municipalities as additional taxing authorities
- Property tax estimator · Duval County Property Appraiser · retrieved Supports: For a $350,000 purchase in Jacksonville (GS or USD1) with homestead and no portability, tax roll 2026: a school taxable value of $325,000 and a non-school taxable value of $298,589, Lines of general government 11.1919, $3,341.78; public schools by state law 3.0950, $1,005.88; by local board 2.2480, $730.60; school board voted 1.0000, $325.00; Florida Inland Navigation District 0.0270, $8.06; and St. Johns River Water Management District 0.1793, $53.54; an estimated total of $5,464.86, A $25,000 exemption against the school lines and $51,411 against the others, The estimator using the most recently certified millage, and a final bill that may also carry non-ad valorem assessments for solid waste, stormwater and other services
- Additional homestead exemption adjustment, revised January 2025 · Florida Department of Revenue · retrieved Supports: Section 196.031(1)(b), Florida Statutes, requiring the additional homestead exemption to be adjusted annually by the Consumer Price Index from the 2025 tax year, A CPI change of 2.9% and a maximum additional exemption of $25,722 for 2025, against the $25,000 base year of 2024
- Property tax information for homestead exemption, PT-113, R. 08/25 · Florida Department of Revenue · retrieved Supports: A $25,000 exemption against all taxes and an additional exemption of up to $25,000, adjusted annually for inflation, on assessed value over $50,000 for non-school taxes only, Applications on Form DR-501 to the county property appraiser by 1 March
- Homestead and other exemptions · Duval County Property Appraiser, via the City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: The Save Our Homes benefit limiting future annual increases in assessed value to 3% or less, removed on a sale, with the assessed value rising to market value for the next tax roll, Portability of the Save Our Homes benefit from a Florida homestead held in any of the three preceding tax roll years, on a separate application due by 1 March, Automatic annual renewal of the exemption
- Vote: 1-mill continuation, 3 November 2026 · Duval County Public Schools · retrieved Supports: Voters' approval of a 1-mill levy in 2022, and state law requiring voters to approve its continuation every four years, The ballot question on 3 November 2026 to continue the current one mill, A $300,000 home with $275,000 of taxable value paying $275 a year for the mill
- 2026 Voter's guide: Duval County referendum, extending 1-mill property tax funding for schools · News4JAX · retrieved Supports: The current authorization ending 30 June 2027, and the measure extending it from 1 July 2027 through 30 June 2031
- City fees · City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: Residential solid waste and stormwater fees billed as non-ad valorem assessments on property tax bills, Homestead and other ad valorem exemptions not applying to either fee
- Residential solid waste fee · City of Jacksonville, Solid Waste Division · retrieved Supports: A rate of $29.50 a month, $354 a year, per premise for 2026, and $32.00 a month, $384 a year, for 2027, subject to annual approval by the City Council, The fee collected as a non-ad valorem assessment on the property tax bill, and charged regardless of occupancy
- Frequently asked questions: stormwater fee · City of Jacksonville · retrieved Supports: A fee based on impervious area, $5 a month for the owner of an average single-family house
- Zillow Home Value Index, all homes, middle tier, smoothed and seasonally adjusted, by city · Zillow Research · retrieved Supports: A typical home value of $285,103 for the city of Jacksonville (region 25290, Duval County) in August 2026, against $287,470 in August 2025, down 0.8%
- Zillow Home Value Index, single-family and condominium series, by city · Zillow Research · retrieved Supports: A typical single-family value of $296,995 in the city of Jacksonville in August 2026, against $298,701 a year earlier, down 0.6%, A typical condominium value of $173,549 in the same month, against $186,154, down 6.8%, from the condominium file at https://files.zillowstatic.com/research/public_csvs/zhvi/City_zhvi_uc_condo_tier_0.33_0.67_sm_sa_month.csv
- Jacksonville rent report, October 2026 · Apartment List · retrieved Supports: A median rent of $1,110 for a one-bedroom and $1,306 for a two-bedroom in the city of Jacksonville, and $1,321 across all bedroom sizes, Rents down 0.1% over September and up 0.7% over the past 12 months, against -1.2% for the state and -0.4% for the nation
- Apartments for rent in Jacksonville, FL: average rent · Apartment List · retrieved Supports: Average listed rents of $1,185 and up for a studio, $1,392 and up for one bedroom, $1,636 and up for two, and $1,904 and up for three or more
- Zillow Observed Rent Index, all homes plus multifamily, smoothed, by city · Zillow Research · retrieved Supports: An observed rent index of $1,601 for the city of Jacksonville in August 2026, against $1,569 a year earlier, up 2.04%
- Zillow Observed Rent Index, single-family homes, smoothed, by metro · Zillow Research · retrieved Supports: A single-family observed rent index of $2,075 for the Jacksonville metro area (region 394714) in August 2026, against $2,024 a year earlier
- Median household income, median home value and tenure, tables B19013, B25077 and B25003, 2024 American Community Survey 1-year estimates · United States Census Bureau, via the Census Reporter API · retrieved Supports: A median household income of $72,389 in Jacksonville city, against $77,735 for Florida, $84,114 in Tampa, $77,597 in Orlando and $66,337 in Miami, A median owner-occupied home value of $325,300 in Jacksonville city, against $396,900 for Florida, 240,209 of Jacksonville's 413,620 occupied homes owner-occupied
- Monthly homeowners' association and condominium fee, tables B25142 and B25143, 2024 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, Jacksonville city · United States Census Bureau, via the Census Reporter API · retrieved Supports: 99,738 of 240,209 owner-occupied units, or 42%, paying a homeowners' association or condominium fee, A median monthly fee of $93 among them, and 7,399 paying $500 or more a month
- Primary Mortgage Market Survey, 24 September 2026 · Freddie Mac · retrieved Supports: A 30-year fixed-rate mortgage averaging 7.03%, up from 6.95% the week before and 6.30% a year earlier
- Documentary stamp tax · Florida Department of Revenue · retrieved Supports: 70 cents on each $100 of consideration on a deed in every county except Miami-Dade, 35 cents per $100 on a promissory note, capped at $2,450, All parties to a document liable for the tax regardless of which party agrees to pay it
- Rule 69O-186.003, Florida Administrative Code: title insurance rates · Florida Department of State, Florida Administrative Code · retrieved Supports: An owner's title insurance premium of $5.75 per $1,000 of liability to $100,000 and $5.00 per $1,000 from $100,000 to $1 million
- Best home insurance in Jacksonville, Florida (2026) · Insurify · retrieved Supports: An average Jacksonville premium of $3,471 a year for $300,000 of dwelling cover and a $1,000 deductible, against a national average of $2,417 for the same cover, updated 27 September 2026
- Florida homeowners insurance · NerdWallet · retrieved Supports: An average Jacksonville premium of $3,145 a year, $262 a month, against $3,765 in Orlando, $3,470 in Clearwater and $8,345 in Miami, A Florida average of $3,390 a year, on a sample policy with $500,000 of dwelling cover and $300,000 of liability, updated 20 February 2026
- Renters insurance in Florida · NerdWallet · retrieved Supports: An average Jacksonville renters premium of $179 a year, $15 a month
- Section 627.701, Florida Statutes: liability of insureds; hurricane deductibles · The Florida Legislature · retrieved Supports: An insurer offering hurricane deductibles of $500, 2%, 5% and 10% of the policy dwelling limits, with the $500 option not required at $250,000 of dwelling limits or more
- Flood: Citizens' flood insurance requirements · Citizens Property Insurance Corporation · retrieved Supports: Under section 627.715, Florida Statutes, most new and renewing Citizens personal residential policies with wind coverage required to carry flood insurance by 1 January 2027, Homes in a FEMA special flood hazard area required already; outside it, dwelling values of $600,000 or more from 2024, $500,000 from 2025, $400,000 from 2026 and all policies from 2027, Condominium unit-owner, tenant and wind-excluded policies exempt
- FloodSmart · Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Flood Insurance Program · retrieved Supports: Most homeowners insurance not covering flood damage, Almost one-third of National Flood Insurance Program claims, 29%, coming from outside high-risk flood areas
- Hurricane Irma brought record flooding to Jacksonville 5 years ago · News4JAX · retrieved Supports: Irma passing 100 miles west of Jacksonville early on 11 September 2017, and the river rising to a historical 5.57 feet when a rainband and 86 mph easterly gusts pushed water into the basin at high tide, Downtown streets flooded and homes in San Marco and across the city flooded, with businesses on both sides of the St. Johns River shut for months
- Hurricane Irma review: from violent Cat. 5 to record flooding · Action News Jax, First Alert Weather (Mike Buresh) · retrieved Supports: Riverside and San Marco with the worst flooding since at least 1846, A crest of 5.57 feet at the Main Street Bridge against a flood stage of 2 feet, major flooding at 3.5 feet and a previous record of 4.1 feet from Hurricane Dora in 1964
- Section 190.021, Florida Statutes: taxes; non-ad valorem assessments · The Florida Legislature · retrieved Supports: A community development district's benefit special assessments for bonds, levied annually, a lien on the property enforceable in like manner as county taxes
- Section 190.048, Florida Statutes: sale of real estate within a district; required disclosure to purchaser · The Florida Legislature · retrieved Supports: A boldfaced disclosure, in each contract for the initial sale of a parcel or residential unit in a district, that the district may impose taxes or assessments in addition to county and other local taxes
- Normandy Community Development District: about the CDD, and the fiscal 2027 final adopted budget · Normandy Community Development District · retrieved Supports: The district established by Ordinance 2022-117-E of the Jacksonville City Council, effective 24 March 2022, and about 641 acres entirely within Duval County, from https://www.normandycdd.org/about-the-cdd, For a developed 50-foot lot in fiscal 2027, operations and maintenance of $2,343.78 and Series 2024 debt service of $1,881.72, $4,225.50 in all, against $3,007.18 in fiscal 2026; a 40-foot lot at $3,380.40 and a 20-foot townhome at $1,690.20, Series 2024 bonds with annual debt service through 1 May 2054
- Bartram Park Community Development District · Bartram Park Community Development District · retrieved Supports: A community development district established in 2005 and located in Duval County
- SB 4-D (2022): Building Safety, chapter 2022-269, Laws of Florida · The Florida Senate · retrieved Supports: Milestone inspections required of condominium and cooperative associations, and a prohibition on waiving or reducing reserves for certain items after a specified date
- #AskJAXTDY: How will JEA's new electric and water rates affect me? · Jacksonville Today · retrieved Supports: JEA's electric rates up 6.2% and water and sewer rates up 8% from 1 October 2026, A residential electric bill for 1,000 kWh of $170.37 in April 2026, forecast to be $8.70 less in October, and a residential water and sewer bill for 6,000 gallons forecast at $83.50 in October
- Housing Services: Headstart to Homeownership program · City of Jacksonville, Housing and Community Development · retrieved Supports: Financial assistance of up to $25,000 for down payment and closing costs, subject to funding, Applicants who do not currently own a home, will live in it, and have household income no higher than 80% of the area median income for Duval County, Homes required to meet Section 8 Housing Quality Standards before closing, and applicants told not to sign a sales contract before approval
- Florida Hometown Heroes Housing Program · Florida Housing Finance Corporation · retrieved Supports: Down payment and closing cost assistance for first-time, income-qualified buyers in eligible occupations: health care, school staff, first responders, public safety and court employees, child care workers, service members and veterans employed full time by a Florida-based employer, Up to 5% of the first mortgage, a maximum of $35,000 and a minimum of $10,000, as a 0%, non-amortizing, 30-year deferred second mortgage that is not forgivable, An HTH 2026 program